Penal settlement
Convict penal settlements
Penal settlements were places of incarceration and punishment for convicts who committed serious offences after reaching New South Wales
Moreton Bay Penal Settlement
The Moreton Bay penal colony, on traditional Turrbal and Yuggera land, operated from 1824 to 1842 as a place of secondary punishment for convicts who committed serious offences
Norfolk Island guide
As well as being a penal establishment, one of the primary reasons for the first settlement at Norfolk Island was economic: the Colonial Government hoped to utilise the flax and pine trees on Norfolk Island
Runaways and returned transports: a tale of ten men
The history of convict transportation to Australia is peppered with tales of escape. An unknown number simply disappeared; some were captured and re-transported
Convict Sydney
Port Arthur
A notorious penal station made up of more than 30 convict-built structures and substantial ruins located in evocative, largely uncleared bushland on the end of the Tasman Peninsula
Convict Sydney
Cockatoo Island
Cockatoo Island was an infamous island prison established in Sydney Harbour from 1839 to 1869 for reoffending convicts and hardened criminals
Convict Sydney
Old Government House, Parramatta
This site on the Parramatta River (20 kilometres from Sydney Cove) was an important place used by governors who administered the colony of NSW during the convict era
Convict Sydney
Convict Sydney
From a struggling convict encampment to a thriving Pacific seaport, a city takes shape
Convict Sydney
Norfolk Island
A hellish prison outpost was established in two phases on Norfolk Island between 1788 and 1855